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The word "proxy" refers to proxy servers. A proxy or proxy server is an application that serves as an intermediary between client and server over the internet. Without the aid of proxy servers, a user could send a request to the server directly, and then the server would provide direct access to that resource. Although this method is easy to comprehend and implement using proxy servers, it could provide advantages in terms of enhanced performance privacy, security, and more. In addition, a pass-through, a proxy acts as a security guardian of the internet between servers and clients.

The combined mix of hardware for servers and installed proxy software is commonly called proxy servers. This article will focus on proxy servers that are typically described as software, as well as when referring to web servers. The article will offer an explanation of the two kinds: forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each kind of proxy has its own situation, and is frequently not understood due to the identical namesake convention.

This article will provide you with the understanding of what subtypes and proxies can do and how they can perform in the most typical configurations. After having read this article, you'll be able to identify the instances where using proxies can be advantageous and select the best option between forward proxy and reverse proxy depending on the situation.

Understanding Forward Proxies

Forward proxy sometimes known as an open proxy is an agent used by the user trying to send an internet request to a source server. In this instance, the entire effort to send requests made by the client will instead be directed by this forward proxy. The forward proxy, acting on behalf of the client will review the request. It will first determine whether clients are authorized to send requests through this specific forward proxy. It then decides whether to reject requests or redirect them to the server that originally made the request. The client is not able to have direct access to the internet. It has access to only what the forward proxy permits it to connect to.

The most popular reason to utilize forward proxy is the need to increase security or privacy on the internet. A forward proxy links to the internet, not the client, and in this manner, it utilizes an IP address different from the IP address that the user is using.

Based on how it is set up the forward proxy will offer various functions based on the configuration that allows you to:

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  Beware of Ad-trackers.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  Find restrictions based on your location.
  
  

Forward proxies may also be employed in systems that offer centralized security and access based on permissions such as in workplaces. If all internet traffic flows via an open forward proxy the administrator can restrict access to only certain clients to the internet. This is filtered by the common firewall. Instead of creating firewalls for this layer of clients that could include multiple machines with different settings and users, the firewall could be placed at the layer that forwards proxy data.

Take note that forward proxies need to be manually configured for use, and reverse proxies may be ignored in the eyes of the user. Depending on the type IP address of the user's IP address, the server which originated it by the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity can be granted or hidden.

There are many options to consider when it comes to forward proxy choices:

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  Apache is an incredibly well-known open source web server that offers forward proxy functions.
  
  
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  Nginx: Another well-known open-source web server that has forward proxy capabilities.
  
  
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  Squid is an open source forward proxy which uses the HTTP protocol. It isn't part of the full web server system. We have a tutorial on how you can set up Squid proxy to allow private connections within Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante Forward proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it better to handle situations like peer-to-peer traffic. You can also learn how to configure Dante proxy to allow private connections on Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

A reverse proxy acts as the agent of a web server which handles incoming requests from customers for. The web server may consist of a single server or a number of servers. It can also function in the role of an application server, such as Gunicorn. The request will come through the internet generally. In most cases your request is made direct to a server hosting the resources that the user is looking for. A reverse proxy functions as an intermediary, detaching this webserver from direct interactions with the internet's open.

From the perspective of a user the experience of using reverse proxy isn't any different than interacting with your webserver directly. It's essentially the same but the client cannot recognize the difference. A client submits an inquiry for an item and receives it, without additional configuration needed by the client.

Reverse proxy providers provide features like:

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  Centralized security for web servers.
  
  
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  Direction of the traffic that is incoming based on rules that you can establish.
  
  
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  The caching function has been added to the app.
  
  

While central security is an advantage of both reverse and forward proxy servers. Reverse proxy services provide this benefit to only the server layer, not to the client layer. instead of the maintenance of firewalls on the layer of web servers which may comprise several servers with various configurations, the bulk of firewall security is concentrated on the reverse proxy layer. In addition, the ease of dealing with firewalls and dealing with requests from clients who do not have web servers allows them to focus on meeting the requirements of their clients.

In the event that there's a multitude of servers running as a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy also is responsible for the direction of which requests are directed to which servers. There may be several web servers offering the same service, but having different resources or a mixture of both. They can use the HTTP protocol to function as a standard web server, but they may also be equipped with protocols for application servers like FastCGI. You can configure a reverse proxy to redirect users to specific servers based on the requested resource, or adhere to specific guidelines for the load of traffic.

Reverse proxies also benefit from their position on top of web servers, by providing the ability to cache information. The large static files can be created with caching rules to avoid from hitting web servers with each request. Some applications allow you to deliver static files directly, without having to connect to a web server in any way. In addition reverse proxy can be used to handle compressing these assets.

The popular Nginx web server can also function as a well-known reverse proxy solution. While Apache is also a reverse proxy solution, it is not a reverse proxy solution. Apache web server also has reverse proxy capability as an extra option for Apache while Nginx was initially designed for and focused on the reverse proxy feature.

Differentiating Between Forward and Reverse Proxy Examples

Since "forward" and "reverse" are both associated with the notion of directionality and false comparisons with "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic and can be confusing because both kinds of proxies deal with the process of responding to requests. An alternative approach to distinguish between forward and reverse proxy is to consider the requirements of the app that you're constructing.

A reverse proxy can be helpful in the design of a method to offer web-based services over the internet. They act as your web server when you interact on the internet.

Forward proxy can be useful when it is placed in front of customers for personal use or in a workplace. They are a representation of the traffic of your client whenever you connect to the internet.

The use of case-based distinction instead of focussing on common naming conventions can aid in avoiding confusion.

Conclusion

The article delineated the meaning of a proxy by comparing the two types of proxy: the forward proxy and reverse proxy. Examples of practical use and a discussion of the most useful features were utilized to differentiate between forward and reverse proxy. If you're interested to learn more about the advantages for proxy servers follow our guide on how to set up Nginx as an internet proxy and reverse proxy to Apache using the Ubuntu 20.04 server.

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