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It is proxy is proxy is also known as proxy server software that acts acting as an intermediary between client and server on internet. Without the use of a proxy, users could send a request for a resource directly to a server, and it would serve that resource to its user directly. While this approach is straightforward to understand and implement but the addition of proxies can provide benefits in terms of more performance, privacy, security, and many more. As an additional layer of passing between, it serves as a gatekeeper to the internet between users and servers.

The majority of people agree that the combination of server hardware and installed proxy software is often called proxy servers. This article we will focus on proxies typically described in terms of software as and those used together to web server. This article will present the full description of two types of proxy: that is a forward proxy and one called a reverse proxy. Each type is unique in its use that is frequently confused due to the same name convention.

This article will provide some knowledge about what proxy services are, and their subtypes, and the ways they can be useful in common configurations. Through this article you'll learn to determine the situations where a proxy can be beneficial, and decide on the best forward proxy or reverse proxy in any given situation.

Understanding Forward Proxies

The forward proxy sometimes known as an open proxy is the agent of a customer that attempts to transmit an internet request to an origin server. In this case, it's the case that all requests from the client will be directed to this forward proxy. In this scenario the forward proxy acting instead of the client, will scrutinize the request. In the beginning, it will decide whether the client is allowed to transmit requests through this particular forward proxy. It then decides whether to reject this request as well as transfer it over to the original server. It isn't able to directly connect with the web. It can only access what the forward proxy permits it to access.

A typical use of forward proxies is for greater privacy or security on the internet. A forward proxy connects to the internet as an individual client. In this way, it could utilize a different IP address in opposition to the IP address of the client.

Based on the way it was established in the past forward proxy servers could offer a wide range of choices, allowing you to:

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  Beware of ads that track you.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  Find restrictions based on your location of residence.
  
  

Forward proxies are also used in systems that provide central security as well as permission-based access, such as in a workplace. If all internet traffic flows through an open forward proxy layer, the administrator is able to grant only a few clients access to the internet, which is filtered by a standard firewall. Instead of establishing firewalls for the client layer that can include multiple machines that have different environments and users, the firewall can be set up at the layer that is responsible for forwarding proxy data.

Remember that forward proxies have to be set up manually prior to use, whereas reverse proxies are often not recognized by clients. Depending on whether the IP address of the client is transmitted to the server that originated it via the forward proxy Privacy and anonymity could be granted or made transparent.

There are a myriad of options to be considered in the case of forward proxies:

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  Apache An open-source, well-known web server that provides forward proxy capabilities.
  
  
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  Nginx is another well-known open-source webserver with forward proxy features.
  
  
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  Squid is an open source forward proxy that utilizes it's HTTP protocol. It doesn't provide an entire web server service. Take a look at our guide on the best way to setup Squid proxy to allow private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante forward proxy which uses the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it more suitable for use scenarios like peer-to -peer traffic. It is also possible to learn how to configure a Dante proxy to allow private connections in Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

Reverse proxy acts as a representative of a web server that handles requests by customers on its behalf. The web server could represent a single or multiple servers. Additionally, it could represent an application server, such as Gunicorn. For any one of these scenarios, the request may come via a user on the web at large. The majority of the time the request will be sent directly to the server, along with the information the user wants. Reverse proxy, however, acts as an intermediary, and blocks your server from interactions with the internet.

From a user's point of view from a user's point of view, using a reverse proxy isn't any different than communicating with the webserver in direct communication. It's basically the same, and the client can't discern the difference. Client requests resources, and then receives it, with no additional configuration needed for the end user.

Reverse proxy proxies are able to provide features, like:

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  Secured centrally to protect Web Server Layer.
  
  
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  The sending of traffic in accordance with rules you can establish.
  
  
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  Additional features to cache data.
  
  

Although central security can be a benefit of both forward and reverse proxy services, reverse proxies give this benefit to only the server layer, not to the layer that connects to the client. Instead of the maintenance of firewalls in the web server layer which may include multiple servers with various configurations, the majority of firewall security is centered on the reverse proxy layer. In addition, the removal of the requirement of working with firewalls as well as communicating with requests from clients far from web servers allows firewalls to focus on the needs of their clients.

If there are multiple servers that are connected to a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy is also in charge of the way requests are handled to the server. Multiple web servers may be running from the exact same computer, serving various kinds of resources or a mix of both. They can be using the HTTP protocol to function as a standard web server. They can also use protocols for applications such as FastCGI. You can set up a reverse proxy to direct clients to specific servers based on the kind of resource they are searching for, or follow certain rules to manage traffic load.

Reverse proxies can also benefit from their placement ahead of web servers through the capability of caching. Large static assets can be set up using caching rules to prevent hitting web servers on each request, with certain services giving the option to serve static files directly without having to connect to the internet server at all. Furthermore reverse proxy can manage the compression of these assets.

The well-known Nginx web server also functions as known as a reverse proxy service. Although it, Apache web server, it is equipped with a reverse proxy features however, it's a separate feature available only for Apache while Nginx was originally designed and specifically designed for the reverse proxy function.

Differentiating Forward and reverse proxy Utilizing Differentiation of Forward Proxy and Reverse Use

Due to the fact that "forward" or "reverse" have connotations of directionality, as well as false distinctions between "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic. The labels can be confusing as both kinds of proxy can be used to manage requests and responses. An alternative method to differentiate between reverse and forward proxy is to look at the specifications of the application that you are creating.

A reverse proxy could be helpful in the development of a method to offer web-based applications on the internet. They function as servers during any interaction with the internet.

Forward proxy is useful when used before a client for personal use or in the workplace. They can be used to represent the traffic of your clients when you are on the internet.

A distinction based on usage case rather than focusing only at similar names can aid in avoiding confusion.

Conclusion

This article explains the definition of a proxy with the two major types: the forward proxy and reverse proxy. Practical application scenarios and a review of the beneficial features was used to differentiate forward proxies and reverse proxies. If you're interested exploring the possibilities of proxies, then take a look at our guide on how to configure Nginx as reverse proxy and web server proxy for Apache on one Ubuntu 20.04 Server.

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